Mehdi Jafari talukolaee; Rassol Nouri Khajebelagh
Abstract
The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the productivity and energy indicators of paddy, wheat, fodder corn, seed corn and citrus fruits in the Tajan plain in the crop year 1401-02. Then sampling was done based on 300 designed questionnaires. The collected information includes man-days, ...
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The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the productivity and energy indicators of paddy, wheat, fodder corn, seed corn and citrus fruits in the Tajan plain in the crop year 1401-02. Then sampling was done based on 300 designed questionnaires. The collected information includes man-days, working hours of machinery, fuel consumption of machinery, consumption of nitrogen, phosphate, potassium fertilizers, consumption of various types of chemical pesticides, including herbicides and fungi. Pesticides and insecticides were in liters per hectare, the amount of water consumed was in cubic meters per hectare, the amount of seeds consumed was in kilograms per hectare and the amount of production. The results showed that the highest amount of energy in Tajan plain in the input energy sector for paddy crop (593256 mega joules per hectare), output energy for fodder corn product (141795 mega joules per hectare), net energy for fodder corn product (110758.53 mega joules per hectare) and energy efficiency was also for fodder corn product (1.1 kg/mega joules). Also, according to the obtained results, it was found that in all the products, the four inputs of water consumption, nitrogen fertilizer, machinery and fuel have the highest amount. The results of the investigation of the physical productivity of water showed that the highest productivity in the Tajan plain is related to fodder corn and the lowest productivity is related to rice 0.5 kg/m3. In general, to increase the productivity of lands and products in terms of productivity and energy indicators, it is necessary to use the cultivation of plants with appropriate performance, the highest level of productivity and the lowest level of input consumption. research, fodder corn had more suitable conditions.
s d; Ali Shahnazari; Mehdi Jafari talukolaee
Abstract
Subsurface drainage is a prerequisite to growing winter crops and improving water management in rice season in the consolidated paddy fields in Northern Iran. Based on different cultivation condition, to decrease nutrient loss from subsurface drainage in these fields, adopting suitable strategies will ...
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Subsurface drainage is a prerequisite to growing winter crops and improving water management in rice season in the consolidated paddy fields in Northern Iran. Based on different cultivation condition, to decrease nutrient loss from subsurface drainage in these fields, adopting suitable strategies will decrease the pollution of water resources. A research was conducted in pilot farm of Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University from May 2015 to April 2016 (during two successive rice-canola growing seasons) to evaluate the effect of subsurface drainage systems on nitrate loss and nitrate concentration in different soil depths. The subsurface drainage treatments were three existing subsurface drainage systems with mineral envelopes, including systems with 30-m spacing and 0.9 m depth, a drainage system with 30-m spacing and 0.65 m depth, a drainage system with 15-m spacing and 0.65 m depth, and a bi-level subsurface drainage system with drain spacing of 15 m and drain depths of 0.65 and 0.9 m as alternate depths (bi-level). The nitrate concentration was monitored in drainage water and at depths of 0.4, 0.9, 2 and 5 m during the study period. The results showed that the nitrate concentration and the total nitrate loss during rice growing season was 33-80% and 91-99 %, respectively, less than that in canola growing season. Also, the nitrate concentration in drainage water for drains with 0.9 m depth was more than that in drains with 0.65 m depth. On the other hand, nitrate concentration in surface depth was higher than lower depths in all treatments. Overall, in both seasons, drainage system with wider spacing and shallower depth drained out less nitrate than the other systems.